Complex‐order controller design examples and their implementation

A systematic method for approximating the complex-order Laplacian operator by realizable integer-order transfer functions is presented in this work. The realization performed a simple structure where only one active element used. Thanks to employment of impedances, both integrators and differentiators can be readily implemented same core simply interchanging associated impedance locations. validity concept verified through simulation experimental results, using OrCAD PSpice suite Field Programmable Analog array device.